Shampoo is a hair and scalp care product whose main function is to cleanse by removing dirt, excess oil, sweat, dead skin cells and pollution particles. Modern shampoos are complex formulas that combine surfactants, conditioning agents, moisturising ingredients, pH stabilisers, fragrances and other ingredients not only to cleanse but also to maintain the health of the hair and scalp and to make hair soft, shiny and easy to style.
Shampoos and their ingredients
Shampoo formulations vary and are adapted to the different needs of the hair and scalp. Modern shampoos are complex products whose formulas include surfactants, conditioning agents, moisturising ingredients, protein complexes, pH stabilisers, antioxidants, plant extracts and many other components. Each of these ingredients plays a specific role, ensuring that the shampoo not only cleanses the hair and scalp effectively but also supports their health and provides extra care and protection.
Surfactants
Surfactants are the basis of shampoos, removing dirt, grease and other impurities. The most commonly used surfactants are sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), sodium laureth sulfate (SLES) and cocamidopropyl betaine. Milder surfactants such as coco-glucoside are used in products for sensitive scalps to reduce irritation.
Conditioning agents
Conditioning agents such as silicones (dimethicone, amodimethicone), quaternary ammonium compounds (cetrimonium chloride) and plant oils (argan, coconut, jojoba) make hair soft and shiny and easier to comb. They also help protect the hair cuticle from mechanical damage and environmental effects.
Moisturising ingredients
Moisturising ingredients such as glycerin, sorbitol, aloe vera extract and panthenol help maintain optimal moisture levels in the scalp and hair, reducing dryness and flaking.
Protein complexes
Protein complexes, including hydrolysed keratin, collagen and silk proteins, are important for strengthening the hair structure and preventing breakage and damage. These ingredients help "fill in" damaged areas of the hair, giving it extra strength and elasticity.
pH stabilisers
pH stabilisers keep the shampoo's acidity (pH level) in line with the scalp's natural pH, which is usually around 5.5. This helps prevent scalp irritation and maintain a healthy skin barrier.
Antioxidants and plant extracts
Antioxidants such as vitamin E, vitamin C and rose extract help protect hair from free radical damage and environmental pollutants. Plant extracts, including arnica, thyme, rosemary and others, can have an anti-inflammatory effect and promote scalp circulation and hair growth.
The variety of shampoos
Depending on individual hair and scalp needs, the market offers a wide range of shampoos: from those for dry, oily or damaged hair to special shampoos with anti-fungal or anti-dandruff properties. The choice depends on the user's hair type, any scalp sensitivity and the desired effect.
When choosing a shampoo, consider your specific needs and possible allergic reactions to certain ingredients. It is always best to start with gentle formulas, especially if you have a sensitive scalp, and to watch how your hair and skin react, so you can adjust your care routine to your individual needs and achieve the best possible condition of your hair and scalp.
Our recommendation. For everyday hair washing, choose Eubos Mild Shampoo with chamomile extract and panthenol, and for dandruff Eubos Anti-Dandruff Care Shampoo.
Sources
- Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
- International Journal of Trichology
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